Aniruddha - The Fourth Expansion of the Lord
Lord Aniruddha is a central figure in the science of Godhead, known as the fourth expansion in the transcendental quadruple forms (catur-vyūha). Śrīla Prabhupāda explains that Kṛṣṇa expands Himself into Balarāma, then Saṅkarṣaṇa, Pradyumna, and finally Aniruddha. He is viṣṇu-tattva, meaning He is equally powerful and nondifferent from the Supreme Lord, yet He serves a specific function in the management of creation and the spiritual lives of devotees. As the predominating Deity of the mind, Aniruddha is the focus of meditation for those seeking freedom from mental agitation.
The Quadruple Expansion
In the spiritual world of Vaikuṇṭha and the eternal city of Dvārakā, the Lord manifests in four primary forms to enjoy transcendental pastimes. Lord Aniruddha is the fourth of these forms. Unlike the conditioned souls who fall under the influence of material nature, these forms are acyuta (infallible) and advaita (nondifferent). They are worshiped by great sages and form the basis of Vaikuṇṭha theology.
- After Krsna comes Balarama, after Balarama is Sankarsana, then Aniruddha, Pradyumna, Narayana and then the purusa-avataras - Maha-Visnu, Garbhodakasayi Visnu and Ksirodakasayi Visnu. All of them are avataras.
- As confirmed in the Brahma-samhita, all these forms of the Supreme Personality of Godhead (Vasudeva, Pradyumna, Aniruddha and Sankarsana) are advaita, nondifferent, and they are also acyuta, infallible; they do not fall down like the conditioned souls.
- Among these twenty-four forms, Sankarsana, Aniruddha, Pradyumna and Vasudeva are depicted very nicely in the Caitanya-caritamrta, where it is stated that Aniruddha is worshiped by the yogis.
- Vasudeva and Sankarsana are on the middle left and right, Pradyumna is on the right of Sankarsana, and Aniruddha is on the left of Vasudeva, and thus the four Deities are situated. They are known as the four aides-de-camp of Lord Sri Krsna.
The Deity of the Mind
Every aspect of our subtle body is governed by a specific form of the Lord. Śrīla Prabhupāda identifies Lord Aniruddha as the presiding Deity of the mind. The mind is often agitated by the dualities of acceptance (saṅkalpa) and rejection (vikalpa). By fixing the mind on the form of Aniruddha, who possesses a beautiful bluish-black complexion, the yogī can conquer these disturbances and attain Kṛṣṇa consciousness.
- Aniruddha, the fourth of the quadruple expansions, is worshiped by great sages and psychologists as the principle of the mind. His complexion is similar to the bluish hue of a blue cloud.
- Another name of Vasudeva is Paramatma, another name of Sankarsana is jiva (the living entity), another name of Pradyumna is mind, and another name of Aniruddha is ahankara (false ego).
- The mind of the living entity is known by the name of Lord Aniruddha, the supreme ruler of the senses. He possesses a bluish-black form resembling a lotus flower growing in the autumn. He is found slowly by the yogis.
- Since mind is a product of the mode of goodness, if it is fixed upon the Lord of the mind, Aniruddha, then the mind can be changed to Krsna consciousness.
Source of Incarnations
Lord Aniruddha acts as the source for various incarnations that maintain the material universes. Śrīla Prabhupāda explains that the puruṣa-avatāras—specifically Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu and Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu—are partial expansions connected to Aniruddha. Furthermore, in the Lord's earthly pastimes, Aniruddha appears as Śatrughna (the brother of Lord Rāmacandra) and later as Vakreśvara Paṇḍita in the pastimes of Lord Caitanya.
- In every brahmanda there is a Garbhodakasayi Visnu, who is a partial expansion of Aniruddha. This Aniruddha is a partial expansion of Pradyumna, who is partially represented as Ksirodakasayi Visnu, the Supersoul of all living entities.
- The second purusa, Garbhodakasayi Visnu, is an expansion of Pradyumna; and the third purusa, Ksirodakasayi Visnu, is an expansion of Aniruddha. All these are within the category of manifestations of Narayana, who is a manifestation of Sri Krsna.
- In the Gaura-ganoddesa-dipika (71) it is stated that Vakresvara Pandita was an incarnation of Aniruddha, one of the quadruple expansions of Visnu (Vasudeva, Sankarsana, Aniruddha and Pradyumna). He could dance wonderfully for seventy-two continuous hours.
- The Visnu-dharmottara describes that Lord Ramacandra and His brothers - Laksmana, Bharata and Satrughna - are incarnations of Vasudeva, Sankarsana, Pradyumna and Aniruddha respectively.
Worship and Realization
The process of real yoga involves meditating on the form of Aniruddha, not on voidness. Worship of Aniruddha is specifically recommended for those suffering from mental instability. Śrīla Prabhupāda warns that utilizing our senses—of which Aniruddha is the ruler—without fulfilling His desire leads to sinful implication.
- By meditating on Aniruddha one can become free from the agitation of acceptance and rejection. When one's mind is fixed upon Aniruddha, one gradually becomes God-realized; he approaches the pure status of Krsna consciousness.
- If one wants to get free from mental disturbances, one has to worship Aniruddha. For this purpose, worship of the moon planet is also recommended in the Vedic literature.
- Meditation upon voidness is a modern invention of the fertile brain of some speculator. Actually the process of yoga meditation, as prescribed in this verse (SB 3.26.28), should be fixed upon the form of Aniruddha.
- We are now utilizing instruments without fulfilling the desire of Aniruddha, or the Hrsikesa. That means we are using it for sense gratification unlawfully. Therefore we are becoming implicated in sinful activities.
Conclusion
Lord Aniruddha is not merely a theological concept but a tangible reality for the sincere devotee. As the controller of the mind, He offers the shelter needed to navigate the turbulent material world. By understanding His position as the fourth expansion and offering respectful obeisances to Him, the devotee aligns their consciousness with the Supreme.
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